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1 προσκυνέω
προσκυνέω (κυνέω ‘to kiss’) impf. προσεκύνουν; fut. προσκυνήσω; 1 aor. προσεκύνησα (Trag., Hdt.+. Freq. used to designate the custom of prostrating oneself before persons and kissing their feet or the hem of their garment, the ground, etc.; the Persians did this in the presence of their deified king, and the Greeks before a divinity or someth. holy.) to express in attitude or gesture one’s complete dependence on or submission to a high authority figure, (fall down and) worship, do obeisance to, prostrate oneself before, do reverence to, welcome respectfully, in Attic Gk., and later (e.g. Appian, Mithrid. 104 §489), used w. the acc. (so Mt 4:10 and Lk 4:8 [Dt 6:13 v.l.]; J 4:22ab, 23b, 24a; Rv 9:20.—Gen 37:9; Ex 11:8; Judg 7:15 A; pseudepigr.; Philo; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 239, Ant. 2, 13; 7, 250; Just.; Tat.; Mel., P. 92, 690; Ath.); beside it the Koine uses the dat. (Phryn. p. 463 Lob.; JWittmann, Sprachl. Untersuchungen zu Cosmas Indicopl., diss. Munich 1913, 16; KWolf, Studien z. Sprache des Malalas II, diss. Munich 1912, 34; GKilpatrick in: Studies and Documents 29, ’67, 154–56; B-D-F §151, 2; Rob. 455; 476f), which the LXX (s. also JosAs; ApcMos 27:33) and our lit. prefer (s. also EpArist 135; Jos., Ant. 6, 55; Just., D. 30, 3; 78, 9; 88, 1.—Jos., Ant. 6, 154 πρ. τῷ θεῷ immediately after τὸν θεὸν πρ.). This reverence or worship is paidⓐ to human beings, but by this act they are to be recognized as belonging to a superhuman realm (Appian, Mithrid. 104 §489: Pompey; Galen, Protr. 5 p. 12, 2ff ed. WJohn: Socrates, Homer, Hippocrates, Plato): to a king (so Hdt. et al.; cp. 2 Km 18:28; 24:20; 3 Km 1:16, 53. On proskynesis in the Hellenistic ruler cults s. LTaylor, JHS 47, 1927, 53ff, The Divinity of the Rom. Emperor ’31, esp. 256–66; against her WTarn, Alexander the Great II, ’50, 347–73) ὁ δοῦλος προσεκύνει αὐτῷ Mt 18:26 (of a female slave toward her κύριος PGiss 17, 11f=Mitt-Wilck, I/2, 481; s. Jos., Ant. 2, 11); to Peter by Cornelius Ac 10:25 (cp. Apollonius [c. 197 A.D.] in Eus., HE 5, 18, 6).—The church at Philadelphia προσκυνήσουσιν ἐνώπιον τῶν ποδῶν σου Rv 3:9 (on πρ. ἐνώπιόν τινος cp. Ps 21:28; 85:9; Is 66:23; TestAbr B 4 p. 108, 17 [Stone 64, 17]).—Jesus, who is rendered homage as Messianic king and helper: Mt 2:2, 8, 11.—8:2; 9:18; 14:33; 15:25; J 9:38.—Mt 20:20; GJs 20:4 (codd.); 21:1, 2 (codd.). A man possessed by an unclean spirit asks a favor of him Mk 5:6. Mock worship on the part of soldiers 15:19 (στέφανος 1). S. also bε below.ⓑ to transcendent beings (God: Aeschyl. et al.; X., An. 3, 2, 9; 13; Pla., Rep. 3, 398a; Polyb. 18, 37, 10; Plut., Pomp. 626 [14, 4]; Lucian, Pisc. 21 τῇ θεῷ; PGM 4, 649. Of various divinities in the ins [s. OGI II 700a index VIII; Sb 7911ff]; PFlor 332, 11 θεούς; LXX; Philo, Gig. 54 τὸν θεόν al.; Jos., Ant. 6, 154; 20, 164 al.; Theoph. Ant. 1, 11 [p. 82, 3]).α. of deity in monotheistic cult (Christians, Judeans, Samaritans) κύριον τὸν θεόν σου προσκυνήσεις (Dt 6:13 v.l.) Mt 4:10; Lk 4:8. πρ. τῷ πατρί J 4:21, 23a; cp. 23b. τῷ θεῷ (Jos., Ant. 6, 55; 9, 267; cp. Orig., C. Cels. 5, 11, 38 [w. λατρεύειν]) Rv 19:4 (w. πίπτειν), 10b; 22:9. See Hb 1:6 (Dt 32:43 LXX). τῷ ζῶντι Rv 4:10. τῷ ποιήσαντι τὸν οὐρανόν 14:7. πεσὼν ἐπὶ πρόσωπον προσκυνήσει τῷ θεῷ he will fall down and worship God (cp. 2 Km 9:6 of obeisance before David) 1 Cor 14:25; cp. Rv 7:11; 11:16. ἐνώπιόν σου (s. the Ps. reff. in a above) 15:4. Abs. (SIG 1173, 2; PTebt 416, 7; LXX) J 4:20ab, 24ab; Ac 8:27. Used w. ἀναβαίνειν (UPZ 62, 33 [161 B.C.] ἐὰν ἀναβῶ κἀγὼ προσκυνῆσαι; Jos., Ant. 20, 164) J 12:20; Ac 24:11; cp. Rv 11:1. W. πίπτειν (s. Jos., Ant. 8, 119) Rv 5:14. προσεκύνησεν ἐπὶ τὸ ἄκρον τῆς ῥάβδου αὐτοῦ he bowed in worship (or prayed) over the head of his staff Hb 11:21 (Gen 47:31).β. of image worship in polytheistic cult (LXX; Ar. 3, 2; Just.; Ath. 15, 1 τὰ ἀγάλματα) προσκυνεῖν τοῖς νεκροῖς θεοῖς 2 Cl 3:1 or λίθους καὶ ξύλα κτλ. 1:6 (cp. EpArist 135 … οἷς πρ.). See Ac 7:43; Dg 2:5. τὰ ὑφʼ ὑμῶν προσκυνούμενα the things that are worshiped by you 2:4. Abs., w. θύειν MPol 12:2.γ. the devil and Satanic beings (the eschatological opponent Iren. 5, 28, 2) Mt 4:9; Lk 4:7 (on πρ. ἐνώπιον ἐμοῦ s. α above). τὰ δαιμόνια Rv 9:20. τῷ δράκοντι 13:4a; τῷ θηρίῳ 13:4b. τὸ θηρίον vss. 8 (αὐτόν), 12; 20:4. τῇ εἰκόνι (Da 3:5 al.) τοῦ θηρίου 13:15; cp. 16:2; 19:20. τὸ θηρίον καὶ τ. εἰκόνα αὐτοῦ 14:9, 11. See θηρίον 1b; also PTouilleux, L’Apocalypse et les cultes de Domitien et de Cybèle ’35.δ. angels (TestAbr A 3 p. 79, 28 [Stone p. 6]) Rv 22:8; cp. 19:10a.ε. The risen Lord is esp. the object of worship: Mt 28:9, 17; Lk 24:52 P75 et al. Likewise the exalted Christ MPol 17:3. See also a above, end.—Lit. s.v. προσεύχομαι, end; Bolkestein [δεισιδαιμονία, end] 23ff; JHorst, Proskynein: Z. Anbetung im Urchristentum nach ihrer religionsgesch. Eigenart ’32; Berthe MMarti, Proskynesis and adorare: Language 12, ’36, 272–82; BReicke, Some Reflections on Worship in the NT: TWManson mem. vol. ’59, 194–209.—B. 1469; Kl. Pauly IV 1189. New Docs 2, 68; 3, 77–78; 4, 61f. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv. -
2 ἅπτω
ἅπτω 1 aor. ἧψα, ptc. ἅψας. Mid.: fut. ἅψομαι LXX; 1 aor. ἡψάμην; pf. 3 sg. ἧπται; ptc. ἡμμένος LXX. Pass.: fut. 3 sg. ἀφθήσεται Jer 31:9 B S (Hom.+).① to cause illumination or burning to take place, light, kindle (Aeschyl., Hdt.; PGM 7, 543; POxy 1297, 4; 7; 13; LXX, Joseph.) λύχνον ἅ. (Herodas 8, 6; PAthen 60, 6; Epict. 1, 20, 19; Diog. L. 4, 66; 6, 41; TestSol 6:10 λύχνους; Philo, Gig. 33 [mid.]; Jos., Ant. 3, 199) Lk 8:16; 11:33; 15:8. ἅ. πῦρ kindle a fire (Eur., Hel. 503; Phalaris, Ep. 122, 2; Jdth 13:13; TestSol 7:5; Jos., Ant. 4, 55) Lk 22:55 v.l.; Ac 28:2. Pass. Mk 4:21 v.l. (cp. PGM 13, 683 λύχνους ἡμμένους).② to make close contact, mid. w. gen. (Hom. et al.; En, PsSol, GrBar; Jos., Ant. 6, 308 al; Just., Ath.; Mel., P. 52, 383).ⓐ gener. touch, take hold of, hold τινός someone or someth. Lk 7:39; IRo 5:2. Dg 12:8. MPol 13:2. Hs 1:11; the sky by throwing a stone m 11:18.— Touch someone’s chest, spontaneously, of one who is speaking Hv 1, 4, 2; cp. 3, 1, 6. Cp. GHb 356, 39=ISm 3:2. ἅψαι τοῦ παιδίου take hold of the child GJs 20:3. Fig., take hold of τ. βασιλείας the Kingdom B 7:11.—JBauer, Agraphon 90 Resch: ZNW 62, ’71, 301–3.ⓑ cling to μή μου ἅπτου stop clinging to me! (s. BHaensler, BZ 11, 1913, 172–77; KKastner, ibid. 13, 1915, 344–53; KRösch, ibid. 14, 1917, 333–37; BViolet, ZNW 24, 1925, 78–80; FPerles, ibid. 25, 1926, 287; WCotter, ET 43, ’32, 45f; TNicklin, ibid. 51, ’39/40, 478; JMaiworm, ThGl ’38, 540–46) J 20:17 (Arrian, Anab. 6, 13, 3: Alexander is severely wounded in the chest by an arrow and his soldiers cannot believe that he is still alive. When he appears among them, recovered from his wound, they take hold [ἁπτόμενοι] of his hands, knees, and clothing in astonishment and delight).ⓒ freq. of touching as a means of conveying a blessing (divine working by a touch of the hand: Anton. Lib. 4, 7 Ἀπόλλων ἁψάμενος αὐτοῦ τῇ χειρὶ πέτρον ἐποίησεν; Ps.-Apollod. 2, 1, 3, 1 Zeus transforms by touching [ἅπτεσθαι]) Mk 10:13; Lk 18:15 (here perh. hold), esp. to bring about a healing (SIG 1169, 62). Gener. of touching persons who are ill Mt 8:3; 17:7; Mk 1:41; 8:22; Lk 5:13. ἅψαι αὐτῆς ἐκ τ. χειρῶν σου Mk 5:23 D. Esp. of touching parts of the body (SIG 1170, 23 ἥψατό μου τῆς δεξιᾶς χιρός) τ. γλώσσης (cp. Philo, De Prov. in Eus., PE 8, 14, 18) Mk 7:33. τ. ὀφθαλμῶν Mt 9:29; cp. 20:34; 8:15; Lk 22:51. Likew. τῆς σοροῦ touch the coffin, if the purpose was to raise the dead man, not simply to halt the bearers (cp. Aphrodite touching a chariot Pind., P. 9, 11) Lk 7:14. Of those who are ill, touching the healer Mk 3:10; 6:56; Lk 6:19; 8:45ff. Also of touching the clothes of the healer (cp. Athen. 5, 212f ἑκάστου σπεύδοντος κἂν προσάψασθαι τῆς ἐσθῆτος) ἅ. τ. ἱματίου touch his cloak Mt 9:21; Mk 5:27; 6:56. τ. ἱματίων 5:28, 30f. τ. κρασπέδου the hem or tassel Mt 9:20; 14:36; Lk 8:44.③ to partake of someth., w. cultic implications, have contact with, touch. Of contact w. unclean things 2 Cor 6:17 (Num 16:26; Is 52:11). The abs. μὴ ἅψῃ you must not touch or handle Col 2:21 can be interpreted in this sense. On the other hand, ἅπτεσθαι can mean eat, like our ‘touch food’ (Od. 4, 60; Plut., Anton. 923 [17]; Chariton 6, 2, 8 οὐχ ἥπτετο τροφῆς; Arrian, Anab. 4, 9, 5 σίτου ἅπτεσθαι; Aelian, VH 12, 37 ἐπʼ ἀπορίᾳ τροφῶν ἥψατο τῶν καμήλων=he seized [and ate] the camels; Diog. L. 6, 73 κρεῶν; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 3, 27 p. 105, 9; Philo, Exs. 134; Jos., Ant. 4, 234; 8, 362; 13, 276; En 25:4f [tree of life, as in GrBar 4:8]). We would, then, have in this passage the anticlimax eat, taste, touch. Finally, θιγγάνω, like ἅπτ. and γεύομαι (q.v. 1) can mean eat (cp. Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 31, 191 κυάμων μὴ θιγγάνειν; 13, 61 γεύεσθαι=Porphyr., Vi. Pyth. 24 θιγγάνειν; POxy 1185, 10f [c. 200 A.D.], where three difft. expr. for ‘eat’ are grouped together: τὸν παῖδα δεῖ ἄρτον ἐσθίειν, ἅλας ἐπιτρώγειν, ὀψαρίου μὴ θιγγάνειν [eat, eat [with], not eat at all]). The combination ἐσθ., τρωγ., θιγγ. might corresp. to Col 2:21 ἅπτ., γεύ., θιγγ., taken to mean eat, enjoy, consume (ἅ. and γεύ. together, both=‘eat’ in Teles p. 34, 5). The verbs, perh. used in association w. var. foods (s. POxy 1185) by the false spirits, are effectively combined by Paul, in order to picture the feeling of dread which he castigates.④ to touch intimately, have sexual contact, of intercourse w. a woman (Pla., Leg. 8, 840a; Aristot., Pol. 7, 14, 12 [1335b]; Plut., Alex. 676 [21, 9]; M. Ant. 1, 17, 13; Jos., Ant. 1, 163; Gen 20:6; Pr 6:29) γυναικὸς μὴ ἅ. 1 Cor 7:1 (ἅπτεσθαι w. gen. of ‘touching’ a woman in general: Vi. Aesopi G103).⑤ to make contact with a view to causing harm, touch for the purpose of harming, injure (Diod S 1, 84, 1; Arrian, Alex. Anab. 4, 4, 2; Ps 104:15; 1 Ch 16:22; Zech 2:12; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 7 Jac.) ὁ πονηρὸς οὐχ ἅπτεται αὐτοῦ the evil one cannot harm him (or cannot even touch him; cp. 1 Esdr 4:28; PsSol 13:6; TestAbr A 15 p. 96, 11 [Stone p. 40]) 1J 5:18.—Fig. οὐχ ἅψηται σου κακόν no evil shall touch you 1 Cl 56:8 (Job 5:19; cp. PsSol 13:6; 15:4).—OHeick, Hapto in the NT: Luth. Church Quart. 12, ’39, 90–95.—B. 76; 1061. DELG. M-M s.v. ἅπτομαι. TW. Sv. -
3 σκια
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `shade' (Od.), also `variegated hem or edging of a dress' (hell. inschr. a. pap., Men.; Wilhelm Glotta 14, 82 f.).Other forms: ion. - ιήCompounds: E.g. σκια-τροφέω, - έομαι (Ion. σκιη-), Att. etc. also σκια - τραφέω, - έομαι (: σκια-τραφής like εὑτραφής a. o.; to τραφῆναι) `to live or to raise in the shadow, indoors, to grow up pampered' (IA.; after βου-κολέω a. o., Schwyzer 726); βαθύ-σκιος `with deep shadow, deeply shaded' (h. Merc. a. o.), κατά-, ἐπί-σκιος a. o. beside κατα-, ἐπι-σκιάζω; on δολιχό-σκιος s. δολιχός (aa. to am other interpretation [Prellwitz, also Treu Von Homer zur Lyrik 119 f. w. n. 1 with Leumann] `with long ash').Derivatives: 1. σκιάς, - άδος f. `shade-roof, tent-roof, pavilion', also name of a θόλος in Athens etc. (Eup., Theoc., Att. inscr. a.o.). 2. σκιάδ-ιον n. `sunscreen' (com., Thphr. a. o.). 3. - ίσκη f. `id.' (Anacr.). 4. σκί-αινα f. (Arist.), - αινίς f. (Gal.; v. l. σκινίς), - αδεύς m. (hell. a. late) fishn. (after the dark colour, Strömberg 27, s. also Thompson Fishes s. σκίαινα; cf. Bosshardt 69; not correct Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 178 n. 3); to this σκιαθίς `id.' (Epich.), from the island namen Σκίαθος? (Strömberg l. c.). 5. σκι-όεις `rich of shadows, casting shade, shaded' (ep. poet. Il.; favoured by the metre, Schwyzer 527 w. lit., Sjölund Metr. Kürzung 149); - άεις (Hdn.; also Pi. Pae. 6, 17?). 6. - ερός, also - αρός `id.' (esp. ep. poet. Λ 480; Schwyzer 482 w. n. 8 a. lit., Chantraine Form. 230). 7. - ώδης `shadowy, dark' (Hp., E., Arist. a. o.). 8. - ακός `provided with shade' ( ὡρολόγιον Pergam. IIa; Hdn.). 9. - ωτός `provided with a hem (σκιά)' (Peripl. M. Rubr., pap.). -- 10. Denom. verb σκιάω (Od., hell. a. late epic), σκιάζω (IA.), σκιάσαι (Φ 232; after ἐλᾰ́-σαι a.o., Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 410; metri. used, s. Debrunner REIE 1, 3), fut. Att. σκιῶ, late σκιάσω, perf. pass. ἐσκίασμαι (Semon., S. a. o.), aor. σκιασθῆναι (E., Pl., Arist.), also w. ἐπι-, κατα-, συν-, περι-, ἀπο-, `to shade, to overshadow, to shroud in darkness' (on the meaning Radermacher Festschr. Kretschmer 163 ff.); from this ( ὑπο-, συ-)σκίασις, ( ἐπι- etc.) σκιασμός, ( ἐπι- etc.) σκίασμα, σκιασ-τής, - τικός (almost always late); as backformations function the bahuvrihi κατα-, ἐπί-σκιος a. o. -- On σκιά and derivv. in Homer and in the Aeol. lyric Treu Von Homer zur Lyrik 115ff., 213ff. (for Hom. not convincing).Etymology: Old word for `shadow', which with Alb. hije, Toch. B skiyo `id.' can be identified as IE *sḱii̯ā (Jokl Untersuchungen 63ff. with Meyer, cf. Mann Lang. 28, 39; v. Windekens Orbis 12, 193 with Couvreur Arch. Or. 18, 128). Besides in Indo-Iran. with lengthened grade Skt. chāyā́ f. `shadow', also `image, reflex, semblance', NPers. sāya `shadow' (Av. a-saya- `who throws no shadow': ἄ-σκιος) and with unclear basis Latv. sejs `id.' (Endzelin Zeitschr. slav. Phil. 16, 113f.). The word was orig. inflected with ablaut, approx. * skeh₁ieh₂, gen. * skh₁ieh₂-s (cf. on γλῶσσα). The assumption of IE ā[i]: i was based only on the connection with σκηνή, Dor. σκᾱνά̄ `tent', which is however improbable. -- An n-suffix is seen in Slavic, e.g. OCS sěnь, Russ. sénь f. `shadow' with uncertain vowel (IE ē, oi, ai, ǝi), thus after Jokl a. o. in the very complicated Alban. forms, e.g. hē, (h)ona; to this with r-n-change σκιερός, σκιαρός (Benveniste Origines 14). See Adams Dict. Toch B 706 s.v. skiyo. With t-suffix OIr. scāth `shadow' (after Vendryes Ét. celt. 7, 438 with Fick); diff. s. σκότος. -- Whether the hapaxes σκαιός `shadowy' (Nic. Th. 660) and σκοιός in H. ( σκοιά σκοτεινά, σκοιόν... σύσκιον) can be considered as representatives of a in Greek still existing ablaut (Solmsen Unt. 278 n. 2 [p. 279f.]), is uncertain. -- Mayrhofer EWAia 1, 559 recontructs * skeh₁-ieh₂-, from which the Skt. form can be explained. Lubotsky however, Incontri lingu. 24 (2001), 34f. is not certains about the evidence for h₁, and starts from the oblique cases * skH-ieh₂-, which became *skHii̯- with Sievers, and * skiH-eh₂- with metathesis; this may have been the basis of the Greek form.Page in Frisk: 2,730-731Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκια
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4 συγκλείω
συγ-κλείω, [tense] fut. - κλείσω: [dialect] Ion. [suff] συγ-κληΐω, fut - κληΐσω: old [dialect] Att. [full] ξυγκλήω, [tense] fut. - κλῄσω: [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor.Aσυνεκλήϊσσα Nonn.D.48.309
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. συνεκλείσθην, old [dialect] Att. ξυνεκλῄσθην: [tense] pf.συγκέκλειμαι Isoc.15.68
, but- εισμαι Men.670
, D.S.15.63, v.l. in E.Hec. 487; old [dialect] Att. ξυνκέκλῃμαι, [dialect] Ion. συγκεκλήιμαι (v. infr.):— shut or coop up, hem in, enclose, Hdt.4.157, 7.41;ξ. τὴν ἐκκλησίαν ἐς τὸν Κολωνόν Th.8.67
; πρὶν συγκλεῖσαι (sc. τοὺς ἰχθῦς τοῖς δικτύοις) Arist. HA 533b26; ;σ. τινὰς ἐντὸς τειχῶν Plb.1.17.8
;εἰς πολιορκίαν Id.1.8.2
([voice] Pass.); σ. [θεοὺς] τῇ ὕλῃ include them in matter, Plu.2.426b; [ἡ πολεμία] δυνέκλῃε διὰ μέσου shut off and intercepted them, Th.5.64:—[voice] Pass.,λίμνη συγκεκληιμένη πάντοθεν ὄρεσι Hdt.7.129
; Aër.21;σ. εἰς στενὴν ἐντομήν D.S.1.32
; ξυγκεκλῃμένη πέπλοις close muffled, E.Hec. 487.2 generally, of straits or difficulties,τινὰ εἰς ἀγῶνα Plb.3.63.3
;εἰς τὸν ἔσχατον καιρόν Id.11.2.10
:—[voice] Pass., συγκλείεσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν καιρῶν, τῶν πραγμάτων, Id.2. 60.4, 11.20.7; εἰς χαλεπὸν.. συγκεκλεισμένος βίον 'cabin'd, cribb'd, confined', Men. l.c.3 pit against one another, set to fight as in the lists,οἳ σὲ καὶ Ἑρμιόναν ἔριδι.. ξυνέκλῃσαν E.Andr. 122
(lyr.).4 ὁ συγκλείων,= smith, LXX 4 Ki.24.14:—[voice] Pass., χρυσίον συγκεκλεισμένον ib.3 Ki.6.20.II shut close, close, ; , Ion 241; [ τὰ βλέφαρα] X.Mem.1.4.6 ([voice] Pass.);ξ. τὰς πύλας Th.4.67
;τὰς θύρας Aeschin.1.74
;τὰς θυρίδας Gal.16.578
: abs., σύγκλῃε shut the doors, Ar.Ach. 1096; σ. τὰ δικαστήρια close the courts, Id.Eq. 1317;τὰ καπηλεῖα Lys.Fr.1.3
; σ. τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς close them up by blows, D.54.8:—[voice] Pass.,τὸ δεσμωτήριον συνεκέκλειστο And.1.48
codd. ( συνεκέκλῃτο Sauppe); of bivalve fish, Arist. HA 528a16; of eyebrows, come together, Hp.Loc.Hom.3; of wounds, Dsc.Ther.2.2 intr. in [voice] Act., ὥρας ἤδη συγκλειούσης as the season was now closing in, i.e. the days becoming shorter, Plb.18.7.3, cf. D.S.10.4; ([place name] Chersonesus).IV σ. τὰς ἀσπίδας lock their shields, X.Cyr.7.1.33: hence, abs., close up the ranks, Th.4.35; τὸ διάκενον καὶ οὐ ξυγκλῃσθέν the part that was not closed up, of a gap in the line, Id.5.72.2 connect closely together,τὰ ἀνόμοια ἁρμονίᾳ συγκεκλεῖς θαι Philol.6
; ἐν ἄρθροις συγκεκλῃμένον καλῶς well linked or compacted, E.Ba. 1300; ς. (sc. τὴν πόλιν)εἰς ταὐτόν Pl.Criti. 117e
, cf. Ti. 76a, etc.;σ. τὴν ἀρχὴν τῶν ῥηθήσεσθαι μελλόντων τῇ τελευτῇ τῶν προειρημένων Isoc. 12.24
, cf. 15.68 ([voice] Pass.):—[voice] Pass.,συγκλεισθήσονται ταῖς τε ἐπιγαμίαις καὶ ἐγκτήσεσι παρ' ἀλλήλοις X.HG5.2.19
.V conclude, complete, λόγον, διάνοιαν, A.D.Adv.121.1, Synt.66.8:—[voice] Pass., ib.11.9.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συγκλείω
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5 ῥάπτω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to sew (together), to stitch, to instigate' (Il.).Other forms: Aor. ῥάψαι (Il.), aor. 2 ἔρραφον (Nonn.), pass. ῥαφῆναι, fut. ῥάψω, perf. pass. ἔρραμμαι (IA.), plusqu. act. ἐρραφήκει (X. Eph.).Dialectal forms: m. *ῥαπτήρ in Myc. rapte(re) ?; s. Morpurgo Lex. s.v. w. lit.; diff. Heubeck IF 64, 119ff. (Myc. warapisiro = Ϝράψιλος??).Derivatives: 1. Nom. actionis: ῥαφή (also συν-, κατα- ῥάπτω a.o.) f. `hem, seam' (χ 186; - φ- here and in the foll. analog.); ῥάμμα n. `id.' (Pi., IA.). 2. Nom. agentis: ῥαφεύς m. `sewer, stitcher, instigator' (A., Poll.; after Bosshardt 40 from ῥαφή); ῥάπτης m. `stitcher' with - τικός (late), f. ῥάπτρια (Eust.), περι- ῥάπτω m. of a priestess in Piraeus (inscr.); ῥαπτήρ s. ab. on Myc.; δικο-ρράφ-ος m. `hack lawyer' (D. Chr. a.o.) with - ρραφέω `to instigate a lawsuit' (Ar.), - ρραφία (Man.). 3. Nom. instr. ῥαφίς, - ίδος f. `sewing needle' (Hp., Archipp., hell.) with ῥαφιδ-εύς m., - εια f. `stitcher (m\/f)', - ευτής m. `id.', - ευτός (LXX), - ᾶς m. `id.' (pap. IVp); cf. Boßhardt 40; ῥαφίς also fishname = βελόνη (Arist., Opp.; Strömberg Fischn. 37); beside it ῥαπίς as fishn. (Epich 51 as v. l.), = κρηπίς (H., EM). 4. Vbaladj. ῥαπτός `stitched, sewn together' (ω 228f.; Ammann Μνήμης χάριν 1, 17). 5. ` Ραψώ f. n. of a goddess or nymph (Phaleron IVa). - On ῥαψῳδός s. v.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: With ράπτω with generalized zero grade(?) may agree Lith. verpiù, ver̃pti `spin' except for the ablaut: IE *u̯erp- ῥάπτω u̯r̥p-; beside it with zero grade Lith. vir̃pti (vìrpti), virpė́ti `tremble, shudder, vibrate'; for the meaning cf. Latv. virpêt `spin with a spindle', also `shudder', vḕrpt `spin, turn round about'. On Skt. (RV) várpas- n. (adduced by Schrader KZ 30, 481) is because of the uncertain meaning (prob. `figure, apparition'; also `change', even `artifice'?) no judgement possible. However, as the Myc. form has no w-, the etym. cannot be correct. -- On the many derivv. of the Balt. verbs, which are uninteresting for Greek, s. Fraenkel s. ver̃pti and virpė́ti w. rich lit.; older lit. in Bq. -- Further cf. ῥέπω, ῥέμβομαι.Page in Frisk: 2,643Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥάπτω
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6 κράσπεδον
κράσπεδον, ου, τό (Trag., X. et al.; LXX; loanw. in rabb.)① edge, border, hem of a garment (Theocr. 2, 53; Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 16 §68 τὸ κ. τοῦ ἱματίου of the Pontifex Maximus; Ael. Aristid. 47 p. 416 D.; Athen. 4, 49, 159d; 9, 16, 374a; PGM 7, 371 ἐξάψας κράσπεδον τοῦ ἱματίου σου; Zech 8:23) ἥψατο τοῦ κ. τοῦ ἱματίου αὐτοῦ Mt 9:20; Lk 8:44 (s. Acta Pilati 7=ASyn. 95, 90) cp. Mt 14:36; Mk 6:56.—But mng. 2 is also prob. for these passages, depending on how strictly Jesus followed the Mosaic law, and also upon the way in which κ. was understood by the authors and first readers of the gospels.② tassel (צִיצִת), which an Israelite was obligated to wear on the four corners of his outer garment, acc. to Num 15:38f; Dt 22:12 (Schürer II 479 [sources and lit.]; Billerb. IV 276–92). Of the Pharisees μεγαλύνειν τὰ κ. make the tassels on their garments long Mt 23:5.—B. 859f. DELG. M-M. TW. -
7 σειρά
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `cord, rope, snare, lasso' (Il.).Compounds: Some compp.: σειρα-φόρος, Ion. - ρη- ( ἵππος) m. `rope-horse, trace-horse' (Hdt., A., Ar.), παρά-σειρος prop. "having a rope aside", `walking by the siderope, situated on the side, sidehorse', metaph. `companion' (E. in lyr., X., Poll. a. o.).Derivatives: σειραῖος `equipped with a rope, walking by the rope' (= σειραφόρος; S., E., D.H. a.o.); σειράω `to tie or to pull with a rope' (Phot.); ἀνα-σειράζω `to pull backwards (with a rope)' (E., A. R. a.o.); also σειρ-ωτός `girded with a cord' (Sm., Thd.), - όω `to gird, to hem' (Dosith.), - ωσις (Phot.). Dimin. σειρίς f. (X.); σερίδες (for - ει-?) σειραί, σερί\<ς\> ζωστήρ H.; σειράδιον n. (Eust.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1101] *tu̯er- `grasp, seize, fence in'Etymology: Since Bezzenberger BB 12, 240 usu. connected with Lith. tveriù, tvérti `grasp, fence in' (s. σορός) and as "the seizing" explained (Solmsen Wortforsch. 127); basis *tu̯er-i̯ā (Bechtel Lex. s.v. [asking] *tu̯ersā ?); on the phonetics Forbes Glotta 36, 246. Semant. without doubt better with Fick, Curtius a. o., also Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73: 2, 26 to εἴρω `order, connect', Lat. serō etc., in which case however (in spite of Pisani) σ- remains unexplained. Hitt. turii̯a- `harness, hitch to', by Duchesne-Guillemin Trans. Phil. Soc. 1946, 50, Risch by Mayrhofer Sprache 10, 197 and IF 70, 253 a.o. adduced, belongs acc. to Sommer Sprache 1,162 rather to Skt. dhur- `hitching' (reserved Kronasser Etymologie 1, 499).Page in Frisk: 2,687Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σειρά
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8 συγκλείω
συγκλείω fut. συγκλείσω LXX; 1 aor. συνέκλεισα; pf. 3 sg. συγκέκλεικεν Ex 14:3, ptc. acc. pl. συγκεκλεικότας Jer 21:9; plpf. συνεκεκλείκει (Just., D. 49, 4). Pass.: aor. συνεκλείσθην LXX; pf. ptc. συγκέκλεισμένοι Gal 3:23 (Eur., Hdt.+; ins, pap, LXX; TestSol; Jos., Vi. 74, Ant. 12, 328; Ar. 3, 2; Just., D. 49, 4)① to catch by enclosing, close up together, hem in, enclose τὶ someth. fish in a net (Aristot., HA 533b, 26; Ael. Aristid. 32 p. 606 D.) Lk 5:6.② to confine to specific limits, confine, imprison, fig. ext. of 1 τινὰ εἴς τι (Polyb. 3, 63, 3 εἰς ἀγῶνα; Diod S 12, 34, 5; 19, 19, 8 εἰς τοιαύτην ἀμηχανίαν συγκλεισθεὶς Ἀντίγονος μετεμέλετο; Herm. Wr. 500, 8 Sc.; Ps 30:9 οὐ συνέκλεισάς με εἰς χεῖρας ἐχθροῦ, 77:50 τὰ κτήνη εἰς θάνατον συνέκλεισεν; cp. in the lit. sense PFay 12, 17 [II B.C.] συνκλείσαντές με εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν) of God συνέκλεισεν τοὺς πάντας εἰς ἀπείθειαν he has imprisoned them all in disobedience, i.e. put them under compulsion to be disobedient or given them over to disobedience Ro 11:32. τὶ ὑπό τι ‘someth. under someth.’: συνέκλεισεν ἡ γραφὴ τὰ πάντα ὑπὸ ἁμαρτίαν the Scripture (i.e. God’s will as expressed in the Scripture) has locked everything in under the power of sin Gal 3:22; cp. vs. 23.—DELG s.v. κλείς. M-M s.v. συνκλείω. TW. -
9 λῶμα
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `hem, fringe, border of cloths' (LXX Ex.)Derivatives: - λωμάτιον (AP); acc. to EM = τὸ γυναικεῖον, ο ὑπὸ Άττικῶν ὄχθοβος λέγε-ται... καὶ τὸ εἰς τὸ κατώτερον τοῦ ἱματίου ἐπίβλημα; acc. to H. also = ῥαφή, κλωσμός. - Besides ἀσύλλωτοι, of ὦμοι `shoulders' (Call. Dian. 213), prop. `not fixed together, -twisted', i.e. `uncovered'; εὔλωστοι εὑυφεῖς, λωστοί ἐρραμμένοι, ἄλωστοι ἄρραφοι, λωισμόν λῶμα H.; s. Danielsson IF 4, 162ff.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: By Bezzenberger BB 5, 315 λῶμα is connected with εὔληρα, αὔληρα `rein', Lat. lōrum `id.', with Arm. lar 'noose, cord'; on the suffixvariation λῶ-μα: lōrum cf. e.g. γνῶ-μα: γνώ-ρ-ιμος, κλῆ-μα: κλῆ-ρος. The words mentioned have all been connected with the root u̯el- `turn, wind, twist', in Greek.further in εἰλέω (cf. Frisk Eranos 40, 87ff.; λῶμα: ἴλλω as πτῶμα: πίπτω. But εὐληρα is Pre-Greek, s.v. - Diff. on λῶμα Scheftelowitz KZ 53, 268 (to Skt. lūná- `cut off'), Specht KZ 68, 126 (to λώπη with variation π: μ, which is wrong), Machek Studia in hon. Acad. d. Děcev 51 (to Tchech. lem `fringe'); all unconvincing. Cf. λωτις, λωστυς. Not cognate is λώδιξ `woven cover' (from Lat. lōdīx; s. W.-Hofmann s. v.).Page in Frisk: 2,152-153Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λῶμα
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10 γεῖσον
A projecting part of the roof, cornice, IG22.463.51, Thphr.Sign.18 (pl.), Demetr.Eloc. 108 (pl.): in pl., of the stones composing it, IG12.372.152; γ. καταιέτια ib.2.1054.39.3 metaph., hem or border of a garment, Ar.Fr. 762;γεῖσα ὀφρύων Poll. 2.49
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11 ἔξαστις
ἔξαστις, - ιοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `hem of something woven' (Samos IVa), pl. `threads coming out of something being woven', esp. `selvage of linen' (medic.).Other forms: ἔξεστις (Gal.)Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Uncertain. Acc. to J. Schmidt Kritik 89 n. 1 from *ἔξ-αν-στ-ις, verbal noun of ἐξανίστημι with apocope and loss of nasal as in Epid. ἀ-στάς = ἀν(α)-στάς. Boisacq considers connection with ἄττομαι `set the warp in the loom', ἄσμα `warp' etc. (s. Fraenkel IF 32, 121); so from *ἐξ-άττομαι or *ἐξ-άζομαι (exact meaning?).Page in Frisk: 1,528Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔξαστις
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12 πολιά,-ᾶς
+ ἡ N 1 0-4-2-2-9=17JgsA 8,32; 1 Kgs 2,6.9; 2,35o; Is 47,2greyness of hair, grey hairs Prv 20,29; old age Sir 6,18πολιὰ ἀγαθή blessed age JgsA 8,32*Is 47,2 τὰς πολιάς the gray hairs-יבהשׂ? for MT בלשׁ robe, hem of skirt -
13 καταρραφή
καταρρᾰφή, ἡ,Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καταρραφή
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14 περικαταλαμβάνω
2 overtake,περικαταλαμβάνει γὰρ ὁ νέος [καρπὸς] ἀεὶ τὸν ἔνον Thphr.HP4.2.5
, cf. 3.4.5, 3.16.1, D.S.4.54, 20.74, al.;θάλασσα π. τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους J.AJ2.16.3
:—[voice] Pass., Archyt.1, J. AJ20.4.1; π. τῇ ὥρᾳ to be overtaken by.., Thphr.CP 2.81 ; π. ὑπὸ τοῦ ῥεύματος, ὑπὸ τῆς φλογός, Arist.Mu. 400b1, Plb.14.4.10 ; περικαταλαμβανόμενος τοῖς καιροῖς compelled by circumstances, Id.16.2.8.II intr., περικαταλαβούσης τῆς ὥρας the season having come round or returned, Thphr.Od.39.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > περικαταλαμβάνω
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15 περιτέμνω
A cut or clip round about, οἴνας περιταμνέμεν prune them, Hes.Op. 570; [τὴν κεφαλὴν] π. κύκλῳ περὶ τὰ ὦτα Hdt.4.64
; of a goldsmith, CPR22.6 (ii A. D.) :—[voice] Med., βραχίονας περιτάμνονται make incisions all over their arms, Hdt.4.71 :—[voice] Pass., to be cut up, of fish, Arist.Mir. 835a19.2 of circumcision, , cf. D.C.79.11; π. τοὺςπαῖδας D.S.1.28
, cf. LXX Jo.5.2, al., PCair.Zen.76.13 (iii B. C.), etc.:— [voice] Med.,περιτάμνονται τὰ αἰδοῖα Hdt.2.36
, 104, cf. D.S.3.32 ;περιετέμοντο τὴν σάρκα LXX Ge.34.24
: abs., practise circumcision, Hdt.2.104 :—[voice] Pass., LXX Ge.17.10,al.3 cut off the extremities,τὰ ὦτα καὶ τὴν ῥῖνα Hdt.2.162
;τοὺς μαστούς D.C.62.7
;τὰ περιττά Luc. Anach.20
:—[voice] Pass., περιτάμνεσθαι γῆν to be curtailed of certain land, Hdt.4.159;πᾶσαν.. περιτεμνόμενον σοφίαν E.Fr. 473
(anap.).II cut off and hem in all round:—[voice] Med., βοῦς περιταμνόμενον cutting off cattle for oneself, 'lifling' cattle, Od.11.402,24.112 :—[voice] Pass., to be cut off,ἅρματα π. ὑπὸ τῶν ἱππέων X.Cyr.5.4.8
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > περιτέμνω
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16 εἴλω
εἴλω, εἰλέω ( ϝειλέω), subj. εἰλέωσι, part. εἰλεῦντα, ipf. εἴλει, εἴλεον, ἐείλεον, aor. 3 pl. ἔλσαν, inf. ἔλσαι, ἐέλσαι, part. ἔλσᾶς, pass. pres., part. εἰλόμενοι, ipf. εἰλεῦντο, aor. ἐάλη, 3 pl. ἄλεν, inf. ἀλῆναι, ἀλήμεναι, part. ἀλείς, perf. ἐέλμεθα, part. ἐελμένος: I. act. and pass., crowd together, hem in, shut up or off; (Orīon the hunter) θῆρας ὁμοῦ εἰλεῦντα, Od. 11.573; ( δμωὰς) εἴλεον ἐν στείνει, ὅθεν οὔ πως ἦεν ἀλύξαι, Od. 22.460; κατὰ πρύμνᾶς τε καὶ ἀμφ' ἅλα ἔλσαι Ἀχαιούς, Il. 1.409; ὅν περ ἄελλαι | χειμέριαι εἰλέωσιν, ‘hold storm-bound,’ Il. 2.294; ( νῆα) κεραυνῷ | Ζεὺς ἔλσᾶς ἐκέασσε, ‘with a crushing blow,’ Od. 5.132; ( Ἄρης) Διὸς βουλῇσιν ἐελμένος, ‘held close,’ Il. 13.523.—II. mid., crowd or collect together, crouch, gather oneself for a spring; ἕστασαν ἀμφὶ βίην Διομήδεος εἰλόμενοι, Il. 5.782; οἳ δή τοι εἰς ἄστυ ἄλεν, Il. 22.12; χειμέριον ἀλὲν ὕδωρ, ‘accumulated,’ Il. 23.420 ; τῇ ( ἀσπίδι) ὕπο πᾶς ἐάλη, ‘crouched,’ Il. 13.408 ; ἐνι δίφρῳ ᾗστο ἀλείς, ‘cowering close,’ Il. 16.403 ; Ἀχιλῆα ἀλεὶς μένεν, i. e. all ready to charge upon him, Il. 21.571, Od. 24.538.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > εἴλω
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